Two decades has gone after the Chernobyl disaster, but it still remains in the human memory. Chernobyl nuclear accident represents the most catastrophic nuclear accident in the history of mankind, characteristic not only by a large number of emergency workers but an important part of population affected in nearby regions. Radioactive substances derived from Chernobyl nuclear accident also affected extensive areas in Europe, the Republic of Moldova inclusively with subsequent deterioration of the environment. Using multilateral approach our study confirms scientifically, both installed immunologic pathologies and cytogenetic complication in Chernobyl nuclear accident worker’s children. Special attention was granted to immune status evaluation – key subject in organism’s immune reactivity. Personally obtained data were analyzed in view of contemporary existing scientific information from other sources.