Introduction. Precancerous conditions of the mammary gland are a series of changes that occur in the mammary glands and, if not treated, can turn into cancer. About one in two women shows symptoms of the presence of a formation in the breasts. cancer compared with atypical hyperplasia, which is consistent with a significantly increased risk. Matherial and methods. A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted in the Oncology Institute, Department of Mammology, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. In the study were included 374 patients, from 2021 – 178 patients and from 2022 – 196 patients. There were 354 female patients, which constitutes 94.65%, in the remaining 20 cases – male (5.34%). Results. In our research, patients with the following precancerous conditions were included: localized fibrocystic mastopathy (n=221; 59.09%), intraductal papilloma (n=84; 22.45%), gynecomastia (n=20; 5.34%) and lipogranuloma (n=49;13.1%). For detection, the following investigation methods were performed: palpation of the mammary gland - 374 cases (100%), USG - 344 cases (92%), mammography - 148 cases (39.57%), cytology through fine-needle aspiration - 290 cases (77.54%) and by smear-on the slide – 84 cases (22.45%). The level of correspondence of the primary diagnosis with the definitive clinical diagnosis in the case of fibrocystic mastopathy was 60% (n=133 out of 221), intraductal papilloma 83% (n=69 out of 84), lipogranuloma - 95% (n=47 out of 49) and gynecomastia – 90% (n=18 of 20). Conclusion. In over 60% of cases, the primary diagnosis corresponds to the definitive clinical diagnosis, in the rest of the cases, benign tumors or even cancer are detected.