Conţinutul numărului revistei |
Articolul precedent |
Articolul urmator |
100 1 |
Ultima descărcare din IBN: 2023-12-28 15:02 |
SM ISO690:2012 SOLCAN, Şarolta. Destinul femeilor din Țara Românească, Moldova și Transilvania în contextul războaielor dinsecolul al XVII-lea . In: Tyragetia. Serie nouă, 2023, vol. 17 (32), nr. 2, pp. 39-60. ISSN 1857-0240. |
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Tyragetia. Serie nouă | ||||||
Volumul 17 (32), Numărul 2 / 2023 / ISSN 1857-0240 /ISSNe 2537-6330 | ||||||
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Pag. 39-60 | ||||||
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In the 17th century, numerous wars were fought on the territory of Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania. Some were wars against foreign attacks; others were civil wars between different pretenders to the throne. Some conflicts were short-lived, while others dragged on for several years. This study presents the life of women during military confrontations. Women’s destinies are traced at different stages of wars, from the beginning of hostilities to the establishment of peace. Representatives of different social categories mentioned in historical sources, without exception, came into the field of attention: from ruling strata ladies to commoners, from respectable wives, daughters and widows to women of easy virtue. The documents show that women and children who did not participate in hostilities were just as vulnerable as the men who fought. Women were abused, captured or killed by foreign soldiers. In internecine wars, the wives of opponents, being captured, became victims of revenge on their husbands or were used to blackmail them. Therefore, in the conditions of the outbreak of war, the first concern of men was to protect their families. The study shows that most of the women who left their towns to move to safe places belonged to the nobility. Common women mostly stayed at home and took care of their household. There were cases when the authorities forbade women to leave the besieged towns, as, for example, in Cluj in 1611 and 1704. Women had to be involved in the defense, and violation of the orders of the authorities was severely punished. Restoring peace brought other hardships for women. Many tried to free themselves from slavery. Others had to raise money to ransom captive husbands or sons. Many women became widows, forced to provide for their lives and the lives of their children, pay off debts left by their husbands, and fight for their rights, which were often violated by family and society. Chronicles show that wars could not interfere with the normal course of life of civilians. Despite the need and uncertainty, people married and baptized children. Wars have brought much suffering to women from all walks of life. Although it was rooted in the mentality of the time that abuses against women were punished by the God, this did not stop many men from taking advantage of their vulnerability, especially in wartime. Women fell into slavery, died either by the sword, or from famine and disease that accompanied wars. Countless women in the 17th century became widows and had to fight for their own survival and the survival of their children in a hostile world torn apart by economic crises. The paper also examines the attitude of men of the 17th century towards the actions of women during military conflicts. Numerous documents and testaments reflect both negative opinions and manifestations of respect and gratitude of men in families and society to women for the trials they have endured. |
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Cuvinte-cheie femeie, război, bărbaţi, Țările Române, secolul al XVII-lea., women, wars, men, Romanian countries, 17th century., женщины, войны, мужчины, румынские княжества, XVII век. |
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