In this article we intend to discuss, about the impact of heuristic methods in the formation of students' linguistic competence. In teaching and learning a foreign language, a special methodology is needed that can improve the global knowledge already acquired by the student and help him to rediscover the access to the world with the help of another language. Thus, the heuristic methodology presents itself as a tree that currently distinguishes various particular didactic forms that the specialized literature qualifies as heuristic methods used in teaching / learning the French language, namely: The heuristic conversation; problematization; brainstorming; project method, etc.