Conservation of scientific and industrially valuable strains of microorganisms for long-term storage presents the main goal for every collection. National Collection of Nonpathogenic Microorganisms (NCNM) contains different bacterial diversity (fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes, bacteria, cyanobacteria, microalgae) with antimicrobial activity, stimulator effect on plant productivity, producers of vitamins, porphyrins, siderophores, exopolysaccharides, phytohormones, polypeptide antibiotic substances, lactic and acetic acids, etc. Freeze-drying provides high cell viability, is used for the long-term preservation, also it plays a fundamental role in scientific and practical fields.