Within the cultural and philosophical studies (not unified and homogeneous) about otherness there had been outlined a special way of studying the Other and the Foreigner – xenology. The xenological approach is centered on the nomad, non-integrated, limited, unidentified human. We can refer to several disciplines that study the stranger, the other, the cultural otherness. These are allology, ethnology, cultural anthropology, imagology, barbarology, ethno-psychoanalysis, and xenology. The last one involves an investigation of the phenomenon of the (in)tolerance between a subject and the Difference, the Other who proves to be rather the Alien, as it represents by the limits of the intelligible, as the Difference is positioned beyond it. The stranger is not only the different one, the Other, a distant entity; it is rather a close matter of the supposed risk. But complementary there appears the Other as a human need of openness and interaction, as the alien from the perspective of his identity outlines the limits of self, serving as a catalyst for self-identification. Considered by some researchers a method, by the others a science, xenology, unlike the study of otherness in all its forms, doesn’t relate to a simple differentiation, but to the element that is contrary and contradictory positioned between the ipseity and otherness.