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SM ISO690:2012CORCIMARU, Serghei, MERENIUC, Lilia, SÎTNIC, Feodora. Microbiological tools for effective assessment and prediction of the impact of soil management on soil organic matter. In: Agrobiodiversity for improving the nutrition, health: , quality of life and spiritual human development, Ed. 5, 3 noiembrie 2021, Nitra. Nitra, Slovacia: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 2021, Ediția 5, p. 38. ISBN 978-80-552-2401-5. 10.15414/2021.9788055224015 |
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Agrobiodiversity for improving the nutrition, health Ediția 5, 2021 |
Conferința "Agrobiodiversity for Improving the Nutrition, Health, Quality of Life and Spiritual Human Development" 5,
Nitra, Slovacia, 3 noiembrie 2021
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Microbiological tools for effective assessment and prediction of the impact of soil management on soil organic matter | |
Pag. 38-38 |
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Efficient tools for the assessment and prediction of impacts on soil organic matter (SOM) are necessary for the development of sustainable management practices aimed at maintaining and enhancing soil biodiversity. The usefulness of direct SOM measurements in these matters is constrained by the impossibility of establishing experimentally verifiable changes within a relatively short time. Soil microbial biomass (SMB) is among the most promising tools for timely detection and prediction of changes in SOM induced by soil management. The purpose of this work was to make use of the advantages of long-term field experiments to identify microbial parameters that could be used as an effective tool for SOM-related assessments and predictions. The long-term field experiments of the study included 2 soil types (the moderately and the poorly humified Typical chernozems), 6 traditional (10-field) and 5 ecological (7-field) crop rotations with and without alfalfa, mineral fertilizers and/or farmyard manure; continuous black fallow and 5 continuous crops with and without mineral fertilizers with farmyard manure. Soil samples were collected in the springtime from a depth of 0-20 cm; passed through a 2 mm sieve and plant material, stones and visible organisms removed manually; adjusted to 40 percent water holding capacity and pre-incubated for 10 days at 25oC in the dark, in aerated plastic bags with periodic adjustment of moisture. SOM was determined by dichromate oxidation followed by back titration of the excess dichromate. SMB was determined by substrate-induced respiration and/or fumigation-extraction. Basal respiration was determined by using IRGA or gas chromatography. Metabolic quotient was calculated as basal respiration expressed per unit of SMB carbon, and microbial quotient was expressed as the percentage of SMB carbon to the total soil organic carbon. Significant correlations between SOM and soil microbial parameters (SMB, and/or basal respiration, and/or metabolic quotient) were observed in the moderately and poorly humified Typical chernozems of the studied long-term field experiments. These correlations demonstrated that with time-specific relationships between SOM and SMB related parameters are reached in the chernozem soils of Moldova, relationships that remain the same across a wide range of experimental variants with different levels of SOM and SMB, and are conditioned by peculiarities of soil management. These correlations as well as the difference in the turnover rates between SMB and SOM permit a practical possibility of using SMB as a tool for SOM-related assessments and predictions. Once a new soil management practice is introduced and SMB is allowed sufficient time (comparable to the SMB turnover rates) to approach the new equilibrium determined by peculiarities of this practice, the quantitative prediction of the future SOM level becomes predictable from the new microbial parameters and the established correlational relationship (assuming that given enough time SOM will tend to fit the same correlational relationship that was observable in the long-term field experiments). These predictions may be beneficial in such important fields as protection and enhancement of soil quality and biodiversity, carbon sequestration, development/assessment of sustainable soil management practices, and others. The implementation of the possibility will provide farmers with better opportunities for investing in soil quality/biodiversity and will contribute to solving problems related to climate change and others.
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Cuvinte-cheie soil microbial biomass, soil organic matter, soil biodiversity, soil quality prediction
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