As the study showed, the researchers of the Institute of Cultural Heritage made a very significant contribution to the development of such a direction as “ethnoliterature”. Their works are devoted to the study of the literature of ethnic communities in the Republic of Moldova: Russians, Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Gagauz, Jews, Gypsies and Belarusians. The scientific arsenal of researchers contains methodological developments in which is an attempt to designate a new direction (at the intersection of literature and ethnology), to define and concept “ethnoliterature”, to present approaches to the study of regional identity reflected in fiction. In addition, the colleagues of the Institute have published a significant number of works in which the fiction of the ethnic communities of Moldova are analyzed from the point of view of the presence of ethnic color, elements of ethnic identification, moral values, historical past, auto- and hetero-stereotypes, interethnic relations. The main methods are the comparative historical, the method of content analysis of literary texts, as well as the culturological approach, in which ethnic literature acts as a “product of the spiritual activity of the ethnos”