Problem of plant genetic resources conservation still remains one of the most challenging in the system of measures for nature protection in all countries worldwide. In the Republic of Moldova ex situ conservation of plant agrobiodiversity is implemented in the Centre for Plant Genetic Resources where collections of cultivated plants are maintained and include those collected in the territory of Moldova as well as obtained from various Gene Banks and foreign specialized institutions. Gene bank of the Centre for Plant Genetic Resources is responsible for conservation of germplasm of Moldova and owing to international cooperation it contributes to the conservation of the world biodiversity. This institution performs complex studies aimed at inventorying, collection, investigations, documenting and conservation of plant genetic resources. By virtue of international project “The South East European Solanaceae Germplasm Collection, Conservation and Sustainable Use” expeditions were conducted for inventorying and collection of local forms of vegetable crops in various districts of the Republic of Moldova and allowed to replenish existent collections with new accessions, some of which can be used as source material for selection.