The study represents an attempt to generally evaluate main concept and methodological aspects in order to rehabilitate rivers and streams of the Republic of Moldova. As a result of a certain number of publications analysis, main concepts were shortly identified and descried. The three of them are „rivus continuus”, „more space for rivers” and „free flowing rivers” consider development of natural tendencies of the rivers, prevention of hydromorphological modifications, as well as reduction of significant human impact. On the most important concept is Driving Forces – Pressures – States – Impacts – Responses used in the process of development of the river basins management plan, covered by EU Water Framework Directive. Main measures of river rehabilitation are 1) restoration of natural processes or hydrological processes; 2) re-naturalization of the natural landscape or morphological elements; 3) specific measures to increase biodiversity. Measures for river rehabilitation should be taken at basinal level from the upstream to the downstream part.