One of the most common phenomena that remains relevant is the clogging of surface water objects. Samples of lake mineral and organomineral bottom sediments were investigated. Automatic acid-base automated titration of dispersed systems of solid particles from underwater sediments highlighted a relatively high buffer capacity for acidic agents and, comparatively, low in the case of basic solutions. Studies of the acid-base strength and adsorption activity of the sediment make it possible to develop methods for enriching the soil and protecting it from erosion processes. Some fractions of bottom sediments can be used in construction, sewage treatment and environmental protection.