Introduction The spontaneous fl ora of the Republic of Moldova includes species of decorative perennial plants such as Campanula, Dianthus, Iris, Palonia, Gypsophila, Myosotis, Tulipa,etc. which can be introduced in culture and can serve to improve decorative perennial plants. Material and methods It has been stated that the spontaneous fl ora of the Republic of Moldova is rich in decorative plants (500), but many species are less numerous, though not threatened to disappear, but at risk of extinction, such as  Aconitum lasiostomum Reichenb., Asparagus pseudoscaber Grec., Campanula cervicaria L., Serastium silvaticum Walst., ev Kit., Coronaria fl os-cuculi (L.) A. Br., Corydalis marchaliana (Pall.) Roem. et Schult, Dianthus catitatus Balb., D. Deltoids L., D. guttatus Nieb., Jagea bibifera (Pall.) Roem. et Schult, I. Taurica stev., Jentiana cruciata L., Iris aphila L., I. Nalophila Pall.,I. Variegate L., Lilium martagon L., Listera ovata (L.),Myosotis silvatica (Ehch.) Hoffi n. Nimphoides peltata (Gemel.)O. Kunze, Ornitoralum boucheanum (Kunth.) Aschers, O. Kochii Parl., O. Refractum Schlecht., Pyrela major I., Stipa piñata L., S. Pulcherima C. Koch., Tulipa bieber steinian, Schult., et Schult., Veratrum nigrum L. etc. Results and discussions Most of the above species are currently widespread in scientifi c reserves Codrii, Plaiul Fagului, Jagorlîc, Pădurea Domnească and Prutul de Jos, where they are protected from the human impact. Of the 500 species of decorative plants widespread in spontaneous fl ora, over 50 species are included in the Red Book of the RM, II edition, 2001 as a rare ornamental plants that are endangered. Anthropogenic pressure on these species has increased quite a lot in recent years. One of the major causes of reduction and extinction of many species is the lack of a sound management of steppes and meadows ecosystems, loss of forests, draining of swamps, collecting medicinal plants, among which many species are rare.  Experts in the fi eld suggest different ways of protecting ornamental plants from spontaneous fl ora, such as introduction and reproduction in culture. Conclusions 1. The most rare ornamental plants that can be met in the spontaneous fl ora of the RM are protected by the state (in natural reserves (Codru, Plaiul Fagului, etc)). 2. Many rare species of ornamental plants are destroyed by anthropogenic impact and removed from the ground with the bulbs, tuberobulbs, rhizomes, etc. 3. Public at large has to be informed about rare decorative plants and how they should be  protected.