The present paper deals with the unestablished identity of the author of Chronicle of Wallachia. Written during prince (hospod) Matei Basarab’s time (1632–1654), around 1636–1654), the Chronicle was lost afterwards, probabily in the uprising period of the little nobility – „slujitori” and seimeni – wich began in the last months of Matei Basarab’s leadership in the country. This Chronicle brings arguments for the paternity of this narrative source attributed to Udriște – alias Uriil or Orest – Năsturel, brotherin-law of prince Matei, well known for his erudition and second logothetos in the chancellery of the courtyard. The importance of the Chronicle is more than obvious, as it is seen as the first narrative historiographical product written in Romanian language which deals with all the past of the country, since its first political organization and untill the time when it was written. It is also important mentioning that the historical compilation made in the years of Matei Basarab’s governance is the common source for the later most read chronicles of Wallachia: the socalled Letopisețul Cantacuzinesc (The Chronicle of the Cantacuzino family) and Letopisețul Bălenilor (The Chronicle of the Băleanu family).