Objectives. The increase in the number of infectious diseases under the influence of extreme weather events as a result of climate change is a newly recognized consequence. "The climate crisis and antimicrobial resistance are two of the biggest and most complex threats facing humanity today. Both have been exacerbated and can be improved with human involvement," said Environment Program Executive Director Inger Andersen. Material and methods. A review of the specialized literature was carried out, aiming at the theoretical synthesis and the results received by different researchers and scientists in the medical field about the interrelationship between climate changes and infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Nine systematic literature review articles from the PubMed digital library were studied, using the keywords: "Gram-negative microorganisms"; "climate change". The research was carried out within the research project 20.80009.8007.09 "Study of the resistance of gram-negative bacilli to antimicrobials in order to strengthen the national system of surveillance and control of communicable diseases". Results. Bacterial infections caused by Gram-negative microorganisms are increasingly recognized as showing seasonal trends, dependent on environmental conditions. In the US, data from intensive care units showed that Acinetobacter baumanni infections were significantly more common in July-October than in November-June. In a study involving hospitals on four continents, Klebsiella pneumoniae infections were 1.5 times more common during the hottest months of the year. Fewer infections caused by antibiotic-susceptible Acinetobacter species were recorded in the winter months. Another study found that humidity, monthly precipitation, and temperature correlated with rates of bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Similarly, there was a dose-response relationship between hospital admissions due to urinary tract infections (Gramnegative bacteria) and air temperature. Another aspect of the interrelation of microorganisms and climate change is that microorganisms have prominent roles related to climate change. They produce and consume the three dominant gases that are responsible for 98% of global warming: carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. While microorganisms are sources of these gases, on the other hand, their recent increase is due to changes in human activities that make microorganisms have increased access to carbon and nitrogen, which they transform into these three products. Some actions that can reduce this process are to understand and then implement practices that mitigate microbial activities to slow down the production of these gases, such as reduced tillage, or using microorganisms to reuse waste carbon or nitrogen into useful products and stable. Conclusions. Understanding the relationships between climate change and infectious diseases can assist clinicians in differential diagnosis, particularly when treating patients presenting with infections with agents that are difficult to detect or without obvious routes of transmission. Environmental contributions associated with the current climate change may have important implications for the pathogenesis of Gram-negative bacterial diseases.