Abstract. The article's main focus is on the analysis of ensuring the application of labor legislation, safety, and health at work in the Republic of Moldova. The Constitution guarantees the right to work and the protection of work for every person in the country. The legislation developed in the field of health and labor protection ensures the preservation of the basic principles of European directives. The article's main objective is to evaluate the socioeconomic losses related to work accidents, which is a significant problem in the Republic of Moldova. The analysis reveals major problems that need to be solved by reforming the State Labor Inspectorate urgently. This would lead to an increase in the efficiency of labor inspections, both at the legislative and institutional level, by carrying out unannounced controls that will allow the direct application of sanctions for some cases of non-compliance with the legislation and point out possible solutions. Employers can prevent accidents at work by establishing a safety management system that includes risk assessment procedures. The article was elaborated within the State Program Project (2020-2023) 20.80009.0807.21 „Migration, demographic changes, and situation stabilization policies”.