Introduction. Postoperative delirium (POD) "acute brain dysfunction", a disorder of cognitive function and consciousness, developed in a short period of time (hours-days) after surgery with a variable character. POD occurs in 20-50% of patients after intensive care unit (ICU) surgery. POD is associated with a poorer prognosis, increased mortality and length of stay. Purpose: To assess the degree of identification of POD in post-surgical patients in ICU wards. Material and methods. A retrospective study of 1630 patients was performed. Medical records of post-surgical patients admitted to the ICU of IMSP SCR "Timofei Moșneaga" in 2022 were analyzed. Results. 196 patients (12.02%), all hyperactive type, developed POD. The hypoactive type was not assessed. Mean age: 60±9.6 years; >65 years - 36.84% and <65 years - 63.16%. Females - 84 (42.86%) and 112 males (57.14%). A number of 62 (31.67%) patients – POD developed in the first 24 hours after surgery. Assessed preoperatively: encephalopathy - 56 (28,57%) patients, stroke - 18 (9, 2%) patients, alcohol consumption - 22 (11,22%). In 64 (32,65%) patients tissue perfusion disturbances with low oxygen consumption (VO2<150 dl/min) were determined intraoperatively or after transfer in to ICU. Conclusions. POD is underappreciated in patients after surgery in ICU. Hypoactive type POD is overlooked and not appreciated in a timely manner. In order to decrease diagnostic and therapeutic costs is necessary to assess the neurocognitive status in the surgical patient and to eliminate predisposing factors.