Background: On morphological material studied quantity and size of the parathyroid glands (PTG) in persons of different sex. New criteria are in need for the description of the topography of the parathyroid glands. Using data criteria facilitates identification glands during surgery. Using cluster analysis proposed the most common location of the parathyroid glands different shapes and sizes in relation to the thyroid gland. Material and methods: Objects of the study included 220 corpses of people who died from diseases not related to pathology of the neck. We determined the parameters PTG: width, length axis, thickness, height. To describe the localization of parathyroid glands was asked to identify a set of parameters Results: In most cases, found 4 or 5 PTG. The length of the axis of parathyroid glands was 10.5% of cases were more than 1.0 cm. Thus, the maximum length of the axis of parathyroid glands was normal, in our opinion, should be considered to be 1.4 cm. To describe where the most typical localization of parathyroid glands was of different shape and size in relation to thyroid tissue was performed cluster analysis 1033 PTG. The analysis resulted in 5 of the most common locations of parathyroid glands were compared to the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland depending on the shape and dimensions of PTG. Conclusions: When performing operations in the front of the neck to avoid accidental trauma PTG should focus primarily on the proposed in the work place the most typical location of the proposals PTG various shapes and sizes in relation to the thyroid gland.