The paper presents the main causes of land degradation reducing fertility and agricultural production capacity of soils. The quality of the soil cover of the Republic of Moldova on the most agricultural land is poor, and on the part of land-critical. Expanding areas affected by erosion, landslides, dehumification, destructuration, compaction, alkalization, salinity, swampy processes and droughts. In terms of soil degradation the implementation of conservative technologies have more disadvantages than advantages. Given the fact that in the Republic of Moldova is excluded the cardinal remediation of soil quality (0.4 hectares of arable land per capita) is required to develop and test methods for correcting soil characteristics without interrupting the agricultural production process. Soil minimum tillage system for soil conservation is necessary to implement gradually, concomitantly with classical traditional tillage system and implementation of technologies combating soil degradation.