Botanical Gardens play a key role in ex situ conservation of plants and always hosted collections of useful plants as one of their primary tasks [2]. The collection of medicinal plants from the National Botanical Garden (Institute) “Al. Ciubotaru” (NBGI), with a long and rich history, has experienced a real development in the last decades. The main activities are focused on the mobilisation and continuous maintenance of medicinal plant genetic resources, elucida-tion of bioecological and ontogenetic characteristics under ex situ conditions, phytochemical studies and agronomic aspects for introduction into primary culture. The purpose of the study was to inventory and analyse the gene pool of medicinal plants from NBGI in the 2021-2022 vegetation seasons and bring some scientific results on the most important plant genera from collections studied in recent years.