The article represents a critical analysis of the detention system from the communist period in Romania, aims to highlight the communist repression by organizing a concentration system focused on eliminating political opponents and creating a new man, The study compares the types of prisons and labor camps during the communist regime and highlights a classification of them according to detainees, the methods of repression used. The experiment of prisons and forced labor in communist camps and colonies meant the destruction of the interwar political class, the elimination of the intellectual elite, the extermination of a large number of Orthodox or Greek Catholic clergy, and, in general, repression against all those who opposed the establishment of “democracy.” popular ”. Starting with March 1945, the Communist Party unleashed a systematic terror against political opponents, reproducing on the Romanian territory the model of the Soviet Gulag.