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<identifier identifierType='DOI'>10.1097/INF.0b013e3181d743df</identifier>
<creators>
<creator>
<creatorName>Schwarz, N.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Institutul de supraveghere a sănătății (InVS), Paris, Franţa</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Bernard, H.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Institutul Robert Koch (RKI), Berlin, Germania</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Melnic, A.A.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Centrul Naţional Ştiinţifico-Practic de Medicină Preventivă, Moldova, Republica</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Bucov, V.E.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Agenţia Naţională pentru Sănătate Publică, Moldova, Republica</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Caterinciuc, N.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Centrul Naţional Ştiinţifico-Practic de Medicină Preventivă, Moldova, Republica</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>an der Heiden, M.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Institutul Robert Koch (RKI), Berlin, Germania</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Andrews , N.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Agenția pentru Protecția Sănătății (HPA), Londra, Marea Britanie</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Pebody, R.</creatorName>
<affiliation>Agenția pentru Protecția Sănătății (HPA), Londra, Marea Britanie</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Aidyralieva, C.</creatorName>
<affiliation>WHO Regional Office for Europe, Danemarca</affiliation>
</creator>
<creator>
<creatorName>Hahne, S.</creatorName>
<affiliation>WHO Regional Office for Europe, Danemarca</affiliation>
</creator>
</creators>
<titles>
<title xml:lang='en'>Mumps outbreak in the Republic of Moldova, 2007-2008</title>
</titles>
<publisher>Instrumentul Bibliometric National</publisher>
<publicationYear>2010</publicationYear>
<relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType='ISSN' relationType='IsPartOf'>0891-3668</relatedIdentifier>
<subjects>
<subject>disease outbreak</subject>
<subject>measles-mumps-rubella vaccine</subject>
<subject>mumps</subject>
<subject>mumps vaccine</subject>
<subject>vaccine effectiveness</subject>
<subject>vaccine failure</subject>
</subjects>
<dates>
<date dateType='Issued'>2010-08-11</date>
</dates>
<resourceType resourceTypeGeneral='Text'>Journal article</resourceType>
<descriptions>
<description xml:lang='en' descriptionType='Abstract'><p>Background: Moldova experienced a nationwide mumps outbreak between 2007 and 2008. Single-dose monovalent mumps vaccination at 15 to 18 months was introduced in 1983, replaced by a 2-dose MMR schedule at age 1 and 6 to 7 years in 2002. We investigated the outbreak to quantify its extent, explore the role of primary and secondary vaccine failure, and provide control recommendations. Methods: We analyzed national mumps surveillance and vaccination coverage data to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) using the screening method. A retrospective cohort study in 5 educational institutions was conducted to determine age-specific attack rates (ARs) and VE. We compared vaccine strain-specific ARs. Isolation and genotyping of mumps virus strains were performed. Results: Of 31,142 cases reported during October 2007 and July 2008, 80% were in 15-to 24-year-olds. Of cases with information (66%), 92% were vaccinated once, 4% twice. One-dose mumps VE estimates based on surveillance data over 1997-2001 declined from 91% (95% CI: 88%-92%) in 2-year-olds to 72% (70%-74%) in 15-to 19-year-olds. In the cohort study (n = 1589), VE was-40% (-120% to 20%) for 1 dose. For 2 doses it was 62% (-43% to 90%) in 13-to 15-year-olds. ARs were higher in individuals vaccinated with Urabe strains (43%) than with Leningrad-Zagreb strains (14%, P &lt; 0.001). Mumps virus genotype G5 was identified. Conclusions: Low effectiveness of single-dose mumps vaccination was the main cause of the outbreak. Waning immunity may have contributed to this. The risk of mumps in 2-dose vaccinees was low. Other countries in which large population groups have received &lt;2 doses of mumps vaccine may face similar outbreaks.&nbsp;</p></description>
</descriptions>
</resource>