The importance of research methods, techniques and designs in psychology is a sub-ject of interest aimed at knowing the content, structure and origin of the phenomena investigated. This article contains theoretical information on specific research methods and techniques for knowing and explaining why people think and behave in a certain way. Concurrent with the progress in the actual study of the content problems, significant steps have been taken in the direction of unifying the research methodology. The new methodologies also allow light to be projected onto the instrumental significance of the psychic, which is considered a factor in regulating the processes of adaptation and balancing of the organism with the external environment, placed in random and unpredictable variations.