Regretfully, the Republic of Moldova is one of the world's states affected by an internal armed conflict that took place in the early 90s of the last century. Despite the fact that in 2016 Moldova marked its 25th anniversary of its independence, the Transnistrian conflict conti-nues to remain unresolved and does not allow to see a perspective on the future of Moldovan state-hood. Although in the Transnistrian conflict several features of other internal armed conflicts are present in a concentrated form, this armed conflict presents some peculiarities that distinguish it from other similar armed conflicts. In this article the author elucidates the causes, essence and peculiarities of the Transnistrian conflict and makes some recommendations for solving it.