The influence of the programs carried out in the penitentiary on the behavioral dimensions of the inmates can be synthesized by exposing the dominant personality traits, such as openness, agreeableness, assertiveness, aggressiveness and neuroticism that contribute to the change in the behavior of the inmates. The implementation of applied psychosocial programs aims to increase tolerance to frustration, reduce the number of violent manifestations in the penitentiary, provide information about one's own personality, favoring the process of selfknowledge and self-evaluation through openness, agreeableness and assertiveness. In accordance with the opinions expressed in the specialized literature, as well as with the results of practical research, it was found that the effects of the programs can depend both on the characteristics, the typology of the prisoners, and the conditions of detention.