Under modern conditions an important question arises about the specificity of international relations between scientists, diplomats and politicians in the field of formation and implementation of states foreign policy for the sake of multidimensional security. The basis of this is the concept of science diplomacy and the analysis interaction between the world of science and the state foreign policy. At the national level scientific diplomacy is focused on realizing the special state interests and at the international level – on the cooperation development and solving common problems. This specific nature of science diplomacy means that it can be a factor in modern international relations as a competition tool and a cooperation mechanism.