The fair deployment of a criminal trial, which encompasses basically all legal institutions, is the big one emphasis right now. Thereby, in this work, is necessary to reflect the problematic aspects of the criminal proceedings. The purpose of this work consists in carrying out a complex and detailed research of the subject, in order to offer the best possible way to knowledge the field of law and criminal proceedings. The purpose of this work is to find a best way to solve the problems that may arise during the criminal proceedings. A rich bibliographic database has been consulted, national and international acts, international conventions, and scientific works. The use of all described methods, ensure the study and research the legal phenomenon, the study of the normative framework and the necessary jurisdictional acts, for the best analysis of this paper. I was made an analysis of the concept of a fair trial. I have presented a reflection on the right to a fair trial in the light of the European Convention on Human Rights. The important thing is that the efficient conduct of criminal proceedings and compliance criminal law, finds the answers in this work.