In the Middle Ages, the concept of medieval Romanian unity was given a much too ideological aspect - from an exaggeration to an absolute denial, ironically appreciated as a reminiscence of the communist regime from the Ceausist period. At the same time, the problem exists: in the Middle Ages and the modern era there was a Romanian political plurality, which imprinted a certain conception of the state and ethnicity. On the other hand, natio valachorum is also a term often found in the documents of the era, and which reflects a reality not only at the chancellery level. Therefore, the study wants to bring back into discussion an existing state of affairs at the end of the Middle Ages in which political plurality coexisted with medieval Romanian unity.