The right to life, the foundation of all fundamental human rights and freedoms, was constantly under the attention of the authorities. The approach to the right to life being dependent on the degree of development and respectively the values promoted by society. The fact that the right to life is still on the agenda of the authorities, including the European courts, denotes on the one hand the complexity of this right, and last but not least the impact of the right to life on other fundamental human rights and freedoms. But beyond the consecration of the right to life in the national and international normative framework, no less important is the way in which that right is protected, the decisive role in this sense of course falling to the authorities. Or the proclamation of a right without the authorities ensuring the appropriate respect, is far from satisfying human expectations and effective investigations of possible violations are one of the basic tools in this sense, tools in the emergence and development of which the ECtHR has a special role.