The study includes a complex analysis of clinical, imaging, morpho-pathological and laboratory observations, as well as the results of the medical and surgical treatment of 150 patients, aged 3-17 years, with pulmonary hydatidosis, of which 135 with primary hydatidosis and 15 with recurrent hydatidosis. Thus, the results of this study allow us to conclude that intraoperative use of 2% silver nitrate solution allows effective antiparasitic inactivation of hydatid larval cyst elements and adequate disinfection of residual cavities, which contributes to a significant reduction in the incidence of recurrent cases and postoperative septic complications. The residual cavity capitonnage with intraoperative filling using “LitAr” preparation represents an optimal way of resolving residual cavities in major hydatid cyst with the presence of bronchial fistulas and in hydatid cyst complicated with rupture, ensuring fast postoperative re-expansion of the restant parenchyma, it being superior to pneumonostomy.