In the last sixty - seventy years in the steppe and forest-steppe chernozems, the phenomenon of accelerated neohydromorphization of steppe lands has developed rapidly.
In the area between the Prut and the Dniester, the area affected by neohydromorphization increased from 7 thousand ha in the early sixties to over 100 thousand ha today. If we take into account the lands afferent to the overheated areas, within which the development of the agricultural works is defective - we find that by neohydromorphization from the agricultural circuit are removed over 120 thousand ha.
Neohydromorphism is caused by the intercalated action of changes in the water regime of chernozems induced by agrogenesis, intensification of erosion processes and climate dynamics in annual and multiannual regime. The latter determines pulsating regimes in the operation of temperatures and precipitation.
The monitoring of the evolution of these lands in the period 1972 - 2020 showed that once the over-wetting appeared, it became a component part of the development of pedogenesis in the respective area, within a stable tendency to expand the surface in the years with higher humidity. Thus, neohydromorphization leads, over time, to changes in the hydrological regime of the entire affected geomorphological space.
The spatial expansion of neohydromorphized areas is favored by physical-mechanical degradations (shredding of the structure, horizontal and vertical cracking with the formation of preferential water capture routes, modification of the packing of the soil mass with the formation of compact massive blocks within which the apparent density exceeds 1.47 g / cm3, etc.) induced by the dynamics of over-wetting and over-drying periods. This allows us to conclude that in the current climate trend in the region, the neohydromorphism of steppe landscapes will develop rapidly.
The evolution of neohydromorphism involves two aspects: pedogenetic and degradative.
From a pedogenetic point of view, neohydromorphism is a phenomenon related to the evolution of chernozems, at the pedological scale of time, synchronized with the evolution of climate and the processes of modeling the earth's crust caused by it in the current stage of evolution of chernozem pedogenesis. The factorial-procedural analysis of the evolution of chernozem pedogenesis in the region showed that during the Holocene such stages were repeated with a periodicity of 3-4 thousand years and involve increasing energy resources involved in pedogenesis and the initiation of the processes of restoration of chernozem pedogenesis in the spaces where its intensity has decreased below the critical threshold (Jigău, 2018).
The degradative aspect implies quantitative and qualitative changes in the chernozemic typogenetic processes (humus formation and accumulation, aggregation - structuring, carbonate migration) and the involvement of processes not characteristic of chernozemic pedogenesis (sulfate reduction, alkalinization, salinization, solonization, gleization).
Their evaluation based on specific diagnostic criteria allows the prediction of the evolution of chernozems in climate change conditions at the pedological time scale.