The research was focused on the influence of lactation on the milk yield in terms of quantity and quality, as well as on the speed of milking and total content of fat and protein in the milk of Estonian Red and Moldavian Black Spotted cattle breeds in the first and third lactation. The researches were conducted in the cattle breeding farm of the Experimental Technological Station „Maximovca” and in the laboratory of Cattle Breeding and Exploitation of the Scientific and Practical Institute of Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine. We studied the following indices: milk yield by performing control milking, assessment of fat, protein and lactose content and milk density by laboratory analysis of the milk, milking speed, the amount of total fat and total protein.