Thermovision is a non-invasive and easy-to-perform method of imaging, and it is becoming useful in different modalities of clinical medicine including sports medicine. However, it seems that thermal imaging may also find some use in training. Two groups of students of Academy of Physical Education in Katowice: ski runners and swimmers were studied by means of by thermovision camera (Flir Systems E60) in conditions suitable for thermal imaging. Thermograms were registered before and after endurance training including one our running on the treadmill, on a threshold load. The results were analysed by using a ThermaCAM TM Researcher Pro 2.8 SR-3. and statistical analyses were done in Statistica 12 (p 0.05 was required) Thermograms of chest, back, front and back thighs, front and back knees and calves in front and rear were performed. We focused on the muscles that worked the most intensively while endurance training. It was found that the biggest changes of temperature due to endurance training occurred in the upper part of body (eg. serratus anterior, pectoralis major, biceps brachii) for ski runners while for swimmers in muscles of lower limbs. Statistically significant differences in skin temperature between swimmers and ski running were observed for muscles of upper as well as lower part of body. Relatively high correlation between the standard parameters, used in efficiency tests (such as metabolised oxygen which is described by lactate dehydrogenase enzyme) and the parameters derived from thermal imaging were obtained. Moreover an impact of physiological metabolic heat production, blood perfusion rate and evaporative heat loss has been discussed. Our results suggest the possibility of using thermovision as an additional method in the planning of training cycles and its effects. Thermal imaging may be useful in sports medicine as a helpful method in efficiency evaluation.