Ceramics Dnieper-Donezk cultural area from Elysa Gora Cemetery
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ANDRIIOVYCH, Marta. Ceramics Dnieper-Donezk cultural area from Elysa Gora Cemetery. In: Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti:: Ştiinţe umanistice Științe sociale, 21-22 aprilie 2016, Chişinău. Chişinău, 2016: Centrul Editorial-Poligrafic al USM, 2016, SU, SS, pp. 87-92.
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Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti:
SU, SS, 2016
Sesiunea "Sesiune naţională de comunicări ştiinţifice studenţeşti: "
Chişinău, Moldova, 21-22 aprilie 2016

Ceramics Dnieper-Donezk cultural area from Elysa Gora Cemetery


Pag. 87-92

Andriiovych Marta
 
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
 
 
Disponibil în IBN: 9 iulie 2019


Rezumat

In bare loess terraces Kakhovka reservoir O.V. Bodyanskiy in 1961 opened Lysohirskyy cemetery. In the area of the burial ground was discovered 50 graves with support materials included pottery – near 80 pots. Studies have shown that the cemetery belongs to the late stage IIB period of Dnieper-Donets culture. A characteristic feature of the Dnieper-Donets culture is its pottery. The most common is pointed base of a vessel, burrel form tops pots with slightly closed top. Less typical is deep and round pointed base bowl. Most vessels characterized by thick walls (1 cm) and most of the organic inclusion. Levitsky IF speculated about the special flora frame, which was the basis for the pottery of this period.Frome all different types of ceramics Dniepr-Donetsk cultural are on Lysa Gora cemetery we have different variety of one type – flatbottomed pots around formed or biconic with straight, beveled inward collar crowns. Pots quite different sizes – from quite small (diameter up to the top 8 cm) to very large volume (diameter 20 cm). Dominated small flatpots with obliquely cut to the middle crowns or collars, at least – slightly profiled pots with collar. In the second period also apply biconic vessel. In connection with the funeral rites, pottery found at a burial ground broken into numerous pieces and scattered over an area cemeteries, and despite this, we can collect relatively aims to identify the main forms and types. Feature of Azov-Dnieper ceramics is collar, in the second period – wide flat, often made on obliquely cut to the middle of the crown. Ceramics made of clay with admixture of sand or crushed stone and plant remains, sometimes shells. Elements of the ornament Dnieper-Donets ceramics and a few relatively simple. Ornament in the first period – prints comb dies, forming horizontal rows, tree, zigzag, tape, limited incised lines, reflections and comb filled with the latter Fig.1.; in the second period – influenced version of Kyiv-Cherkasy Dnieper-Donets culture area distributed triangular impression and incised horizontal lines, trees, grids, geometric compositions. Unlike Nadporizhzhya in the Azov Sea and in the second period, along with the new ornamentation survived Combs prints and tape composition. The most common ceramic ornaments from Lysohirskoho cemetery are: comb stamp, impression and linear designs. Comb stamp size and shape of the ‘teeth’ are not the same. There are bid and small variety of comb. Big variety of comb stamp imprints ‘teeth’ are rectangular in shape and placed in a straight line. Small comb made of shell and have arc form. In some cases, the pattern edge on performed shells, resulting pattern arosed as a pseudocomb cuts. Impression pattern was applied to the surface of the dishes in cursive style (retreating blade), that is the job of the surface Chopsticks tableware. Pricked recesses have different shapes. Dominated under triangular when taken together with that rhombic or round visible. Pricked in shape and size have several variations.Sometimes they are sharp-angled or rectangular, often resembling elongated shape and to whom. Linear pattern consists of cut, or underlined or smooth lines. Most often it is straight lines, in some cases, there are curved tracks, sometimes wavy pattern. In the second period, culture gaining cursive-impression ornament. Pots second period of ornamented crown to the bottom. Sometimes the pattern comes to the inner surface of the neck and the bottom. Mostly rectilinear geometric style of the ornament, which often includes horizontal rows and stripes. These consist of a series of prints combs, impression short-cuts. Often prints combs, or the ranks of the notches in some incline to the right or to the left, causing the pattern looked like a Christmas tree. An interesting selection of stories ornaments found in burial ceramics. The most common story is “Christmas tree” made one of the above described types ornament or with the combination of ornaments (only one piece of the entire collection, №45). Fig.2. Sometimes the story is performed with horizontal lines or notches comb stamp. Among relatively complex geometric themes, alternating with horizontal diagonal lines, and the place the largest diameter pot – wavy line (№12). Fig.3. Plot executed stroked decoration and stamps. Another original plot – horizontal alternating diagonal lines in latitude pot made large stroked decoration (№32) Fig. 4. Among subjects ceramics also interesting to note ornamentation crown pot. Crown (often with collars) were decorated with one or both sides, preferably comb stamp or notches. The ornament formed diagonal or vertical lines. On top plane thinnest crown often contained a number of horizontal cuts. An important feature of ceramic ornamented bottom. Patterns consisting of concentric circles, elongated-oval circles, radial lines. Mostly they are retreating in the technique of stroked decoration. At the end of the second – early third period Dnieper-donetsk Culture principle of horizontal zoning in the distribution pattern is broken. A tendency to create a pattern with a predominance of vertical or oblique columns and stripes pattern is more common in single figures: triangles, diamonds that sparse cover the surface of the pot, motifs bordered zones and diamonds connected vertices. Ceramics inherent characteristic of the third period rarefied pattern.DY Telegin ceramics Dnipro-Donetsk cultural region determines like close to ceramics hunting and fishing cultures of Eastern Europe and North-West Asia. The researcher compares a group of ceramic pottery from the northern zone. Closest pottery typology approaches the comb ceramic materials Poland, Valdai, Kamsky and late navsk’ cultures. Pottery found in cemetery Lysohirsk all property belongs to the second stage of the Azov-Dnieper culture.