Introduction This associations Salvio nutanti-nemorosae - Festucetum rupicolae are described on the southern part from the Republic of Moldova. Plant communities is less dominated in the semidesert steppes, as a whole is xerophytic steppe formation localized in three districts: Vulcănești, Taraclia and Cahul. More species assigned to the order Festucion valesiacae. In more places associations Salvio nutanti-nemorosae-Festucetum rupicolae has coverage of 5-10% and widespread in the dry valley and small hills. Characteristic species here are Festuca rupicola and Salvia nemorosa. Material and methods Phytocoenoses of Salvio nutanti-nemorosae - Festucetum rupicolae were investigated in the southern Moldova, during our recent fi eld works on years 2007- 2013. Coenological samples were collected according to the (Braun-Blanquet, 1964) method, but the cover rate of the species were given in percent. Herbarium data were examined at the herbarium of the Botanical Garden (A.S.M.) The present study is based on 14 vegetation relevés. Results and discussions The ecology and phytocoenological characterisation. Phytocoenoses of Salvio nutanti-nemorosae - Festucetum rupicolae consisting of Festuca rupicola and Salvia nemorosa, community occupies the transition zone between the vegetation of the semidesert fragment and the vegetation of the grazing pastures in the river valleys. This community occupies degraded coastal with southern exposure and dominated by species Festuca rupicola. Floristic compositions is consist of 47 species. Associations were found around localities: Văleni, Giurgiuleşti, Câşliţa Prut, Colibaş, Brânza, Vadul lui Isac, Alexandru Ioan – Cuza, Slobozia Mare (Cahul), Etulia, Cișmichioi (Vulcănești), Ciumai (Taraclia). The spectrum of the bioformes - the hemicryptophytes are clearly dominant 53,1%, followed by the therophytes with 14,8%, terophytes biennial 8,5%, geophytes, nanofanerophytes and mezofanerophytes 6,3% each, chamaephytes 4,2%. The analysis of the phytogeographic elements euroasiatic element 51% and pontic species 21,2%, followed by the european 10,6%, carpathian 6,3%, centraleuropean and mediterranean 4,2% each, atlantic by one species. The analysis of the ecologic spectra xeromesophytes species 59,5%, the xerophytes 32%. Conclusions from the point of view of cenological character phytocoenoses of Salvio nutanti-nemorosae - Festucetum rupicolae is considerably the poorer of the Festuco-Brometea elements. Instead of these more species indifferent elements and the members of weed associations appeared. There are signifi cant differences in the microclimate of the zones, as a consequence of the geomorphological differences within the southern zones Republic of Moldova. The fl oristic composition of the Salvio nutanti-nemorosae - Festucetum rupicolae is represented vegetal communities of semidesert steppes, fact that confi rms species dominant Festuca rupicola. The analysis of presence of communities Salvio nutanti-nemorosae - Festucetum rupicolae conducted by the researchers allowed them to identify the most valuable objects which should be subject to protection.