Introducere. Asocierea diabetului zaharat (DZ) cu alte maladii extragenitale în sarcină influențează nefavorabil evoluția gravidității și nașterii, agravează pronosticul perinatal. Scopul lucrării. Studierea incidenței patologiei extragenitale asociate la gravidele cu diferite forme de DZ. Material și metode. Studiu retrospectiv, transversal. Analizate 470 gravide (vârsta 17-44ani): 220 cu DZ (lotul de bază) şi 250 fără DZ (lotul martor). Lotul de bază divizat în 3 subloturi: 72 (32,7%) gravide cu DZ tip I (sublotul 1), 31 (14,1%) cu DZ tip II (sublotul 2) şi 117 (53,2%) cu diabet zaharat gestational (DZG). Statistica: test chi-pătrat. Rezultate. Patologia renală: 64 (29,1%±3,1%) gravide din lotul de bază vs. 35 (14%±2,19%) din lotul martor (X2=15,13, p<0,001); maladii cardio-vasculare: 63 (28,6%±3,05%) vs. 31 (12,4%±2,08%) (X2=18,28, p<0,001). La DZ tip I mai frecvent s-au asociat maladii ale sistemului urinar: 27 (37,5%±5,71%), majoritar pielonefrita cronică; la DZ tip II a predominat patologia cardiovasculară: 16 (51,6%±8,98%), preponderent HTA. Patologia digestivă: 46 (20,9%±2,74%) vs. 16 (6,4%±1,55%) (X2=20,26, p<0,001), frecvent colecisto-pancreatita cronică. 1/3 din gravidele cu DZG au avut minim o maladie cronică. Frecvent, s-au asociat alte patologii metabolice, obezitatea: 118 (53,6%±3,36%) vs 77 (30,8%±2,92%) (X2=24,2, p<0,001), inclusiv DZ tip I – 11 (15,3%±4,24%); DZ tip II – 26 (83,9%±6,6%), DZG – 81 (69,2%±4,27%), ponderea obezității de gradul II și III fiind 72,8% (X2=65,44, p<0,001); patologia glandei tiroide: 36 (16,4%±2,5%) vs.10 (4%±1,24%) (X2=18,88, p<0,001), predominant tiroidita autoimună – 41,7%. Concluzii. Numărul gravidelor cu DZ şi patologie asociată extragenitală cu diversă localizare este net superior, comparativ cu gestantele fără DZ.

Introduction. The association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with other extragenital illnesses in pregnancy adversely affects the evolution of gestation and childbirth, aggravates perinatal prognosis. Objective of the study. To study the incidence of associated extragenital pathology in pregnant women with various forms of diabetes. Material and methods.Theretrospective, transversal study. Analyzed 470 pregnant (age 17-44): 220 with DM (basic lot) and 250 without diabetes (control lot).The baseline was divided into 3 sublots: 72 (32.7%) pregnant women with DM type I (base sublot 1), 31 (14,1%) with DM type II (base sublot 2) and 117 (53.2%) with gestational diabetes (GDM) (base sublot 3). Statistics: chi-square test. Results. Renal pathology: 64 (29.1%±3.1%) pregnant in the baseline vs. 35 (14%±2.19%) of the control group (X2=15.13, p<0.001); cardiovascular diseases:63 (28.6%±3.05%) vs. 31 (12.4%±2.08%) (X2=18.28, p<0.001). Typically, DM type I has been associated with urinary system diseases: 27 (37.5%±5.71%), mostly chronic pyelonephritis; in DM type II predominated cardiovascular pathology: 16 (51.6%±8.98%),preponderantly high blood pressure. Gastrointestinal pathology: 46 (20.9%±2.74%) vs. 16 (6.4%±1.55%) (X2=20.26, p<0.001), often cholecystopancreatitis. 1/3 of pregnant women with GDM had at least one chronic disease. Frequently other metabolic pathologies have been associated, obesity: 118 (53.6%±3.36%) vs 77 (30.8%±2.92%) (X2=24.2, p<0.001), including DM type I-11 (15.3%±4.24%); DM type II- 26 (83.9%±6.6%), GDM – 81 (69.2%±4.27%), the share of class II and III obesity was 72.8% (X2=65.44, p<0.001); thyroid gland pathology: 36 (16.4%±2.5%) vs.10 (4%±1.24%) (X2=18.88, p<0.001), predominantly autoimmune thyroiditis – 41.7%. Conclusions. The number of pregnant women with DM and associated extragenital pathology with different localization is significantly higher compared to pregnant women without DM.