In this thesis paper, researches have been canalized towards the systemic analysis of the punishment phenomenon as a structural element of legal responsibility, a periodic and necessary element that manifested itself in all societies and times, attention being focused on the theoretical aspect of this phenomenon or the study of the punishment phenomenon can not be carried out without considering the theories and scientific currents that approached punishment in close connection to human nature, society and law.The innovative feature of this thesis is determined both by its goal and object that covers multiple aspects, and also through the untraditional research methodology.In this paper, punishment is analysed as a structural element of legal responsibility, as its final result. A systemic analysis of the essence and contents of punishment is carried out, as well as the genesis and evolution of this phenomenon along the history of the political/juridical thinking of our country and from abroad. Based on the analysis of a wide range of legal, conceptual and empirical sources, the author has created a legal theoretic pattern of punishment, adjusted to the practice of legal responsibility in the modern state. 

În această articol , cercetările au fost canalizate spre analiza sistemică a fenomenului pedepsei ca un element structural de responsabilitate juridică, un element indispensabil care s-a manifestat în toate societățile şi timpurile, atenția fiind focusată pe aspectul teoretic al acestui fenomen sau studiul fenomenului pedepsei nu poate fi realizată fără a ține seama de teorii şi curentele ştiințifice care au abordat pedeapsa în strânsă legătură cu natura umană, a societății şi a legii. Pedeapsa este analizată ca un element structural de responsabilitate juridică, ca rezultat final.