The right to social protection is a matter of great importance in our society. The occurrence of such events as: birth, death, illness, unemployment, old age, invalidity, loss of the supporter, etc. generate legal relations in the field of social protection law. In the public system, the person may benefit of social insurance benefits delivered in monetary form or in kind, other social services according to the provisions of the social protection law. On the one hand, social insurance benefits are provided only to persons who paid mandatory social insurance benefits, on the other hand, some of the rights are guaranteed to all persons in need. Thus, there are two basic institutions within social protection law that compete reciprocally each other: social insurance and social assistance - as indicators of the social policy of the state.