Probation is a new institution for Republic Moldova. Unfortunately, our laws contain some references to probation like penal punishments and like activity of specialized bodies, but these references are not enough for implementing probation in punishment practice. This work is based on rather broad audience of references and given to the judicial practice, combining, thus, the theory with law activity. Alongside with the national legislation, the author has covered the research and criminal-law institutions of other countries that testify to package approach to a problematic of probation. The present work is concerned to some changes which will allow realizing probation at good level.