Early Childhood Caries (ECC) represents one of the important problems facing children from a very early age and it is a major public health problem. The basic concept of individualized prevention is to recognize high-risk patients and individual behavioral risk factor modification by establishing an efficient preventive program. Aim of the study: to determine the relationship between behavioral risk factors in the family environment and susceptibility to dental caries in young children. The clinical material of this paper includes the investigation data of 43 children aged 1-3 years. The frequency and intensity indices of dental caries were estimated as well as behavioral risk factors in the family environment of children enrolled in the study (pecularities of food and oral hygiene, oral health knowledge and sanogenic attitudes of mothers etc.). Acidogenic bacterial plaque has been observed, as well as the Streptococcus mutans concentration in the saliva and salivary pH have been determined using the kit standards of GC. Complex evaluation of caries risk was performed applying software Cariogram. The study was performed according to the ethical requirements, with the written consent of children`s parents or their legal representatives. Early Childhood Caries was found in 19 (41.30%) of examined children. In most children the cumulative influence of the complex of risk factors has been determined: high exposure to sugar – 84.21% of cases, early exposure to common oral mouth germs due to poor oral health with accidental spread of germs – 94.74% children, poor oral health habits (lack of regular tooth brushing – 73.68%, night time milk bottle feeding - 89.47% of cases). The direct relationship between increased susceptibility of dental caries in pre-school children and behavioral unhealthy family environment habits were established. Complex evaluation of behavioral risk factors of caries of family environment represents an important mea contributing to a better understanding of caries profile in patients, being the first step in developing an individualized program of dental caries prevention in young children