At present, the young generation is confronted with the problem of self-identity and finding one's own Self in various relational contexts: school, family, social. We can mention that the self-esteem of today's adolescents is a pressing and current problem they face. In the conducted experimental research, we aimed to study the self-esteem of adolescents and to study its relation with the perceived parental attitudes. The research sample consisted of 100 adolescents aged 16-18 years, of which 70 girls and 30 boys. For the investigation of self-esteem and parental attitude, the questionnaire "Self-esteem level" (Moris Rosenberg, 1965), the self-esteem assessment scale for adolescents (Oubrayrie, Safont and Leonardis, 1991) and the "Adolescents about parents" test were used. (ADOR). Based on the research carried out it was found: a) most adolescents (70% boys and 88.57% girls) have an average selfesteem level, a high level is attributed to 30% boys and 11.43% girls, the boys have statistically significant higher scores than girls; b) adolescent girls, in relation to adolescent boys, significantly underestimate their physical and school self; c) no statistical differences were found in the evaluation by the girls and boys of the emotional, social and prospective self; d) selfesteem is higher in the girls 1) whose mothers manifest a positive interest in them and are consistent in advancing the requirements and appreciations; 2) whose fathers are consistent and predictable; e) adolescents, whose fathers are less hostile and inconsistent value higher their communicative and group integration skills (social self), and adolescent girls' appreciation of their physical self directly correlates with the father's consistency and positive interest in them; f) the selfesteem of adolescent boys correlates with the positive interest and autonomy of the father, as well as with the consistency and predictability of both parents. In order to consolidate and maintain the self-esteem of adolescents, a family climate sustained by constant affection, the parent-child relational system restructuration on the basis of equality and mutual respect, the parents’ recognition of the adolescent's rights until maturity, the parents’ review of the norms and family rules and providing the adolescent with a reasonable degree of independence are required.