Mineral resources are an important part of natural capital. At the same time, at present, data on mineral reserves of subsurface user organizations are not reflected in accounting and reporting. In order to develop the accounting and reporting system in terms of generating information about the mineral reserves used, the article argues that the object of accounting is mineral resources that meet the criteria of an asset in its dynamic interpretation (in accordance with the dynamic theory of the balance sheet). A model of accounting and reflection in the accounting (financial) statements of mineral resources is proposed, which allows presenting information about the natural capital used for interested users in two aspects: the cost of attracting mineral resources and the economic potential of the mineral resources used. Recommendations for improving accounting (financial) statements based on the accounting methods proposed by the author have been developed.