Substance Use Disorder (SUD) poses a significant challenge to individuals and society at large, necessitating effective treatment approaches. This presentation explores the contentious theme of whether controlled drinking can be a viable goal for individuals with SUD when compared to traditional abstinencebased approaches. Historically, the treatment of SUD has been predominantly rooted in the concept of abstinence, with the goal of complete cessation of substance use. However, emerging within the field is the concept of controlled drinking, which seeks to shift the focus from total abstinence to moderate and controlled consumption of substances. This shift in perspective has sparked intense debates and ethical considerations within the field of addiction treatment. Scientific evidence surrounding these two approaches is discussed, with an emphasis on key studies supporting both abstinence and controlled drinking. While abstinence-based treatment has demonstrated success in terms of relapse prevention and long-term health benefits, controlled drinking strategies emphasize harm reduction and moderation as potential pathways to recovery. The presentation also delves into factors that influence the choice of treatment goals, such as individual preferences and readiness for change. The co-occurrence of mental health disorders and their impact on treatment goals are explored, as well as practical considerations for implementing controlled drinking strategies, including monitoring and support. In conclusion, this presentation underscores the importance of personalized treatment goals and the need for an individualized approach to SUD treatment. It acknowledges the ongoing debates and evolving perspectives within the field, emphasizing the significance of providing comprehensive care that addresses the unique needs of each person with SUD.