The French anatomist and physician Raymond de Vieussens (1641-1715) is one of the most inspiring figures in the history of the so called “French School”. Forming the backbone of modern cardiology, his groundbreaking and exemplary work was treasured among the greatest anatomy and surgical books for more than two centuries. In the setting of the 18th century, Vieussens indulged in his passion, delving into the structure and movement of the heart, through autopsy based and clinically correlated studies. The Novum vasorum corporis humani systema, published in 1705, marked the dawn of his scientific breakthrough. In his book, Vieussens described the mapping of the coronary circulation using saffron dye, a process that led to the discovery of the “ducti carnosi”; which were subsequently named as “Thebesian veins”. A year later, he released his magnum opus, Nouvelles Découvertes sur le Coeur. Among his numerous observations was an anastomotic vessel between left and right coronary circulation, called “Vieussens’ arterial ring”, serving as a collateral pathway in case of coronary occlusion. Additionally, he identified the valve at the junction of the great cardiac vein and coronary sinus, and the prominent oval margin of the fossa ovalis, called the “valve of Vieussens” and the “Vieussens Annulus” respectively. In 1715, the Traitè Nouveau de la Structure et de la Cause du Mouvement Naturel du Coeur, contained detailed data about the structure of the myocardium and pericardium, and the patho-anatomical changes attributed to cardiac tamponade, mitral stenosis and aortic regurgitation. The anatomical descriptions provided by Vieussens, some of which carry his name, persist in present times and bear testimony to the long-lasting influence of his work on contemporary medicine.