Introduction. For oral-maxillo-facial practice, the topographic relationships of the lower teeth with the mandibular canal are particularly important. Sometimes the mandibular canal can be involved in endodontic treatment by propelling the filling material. The aim of the work. Analysis of endodontic treatment complications, correlated with the ratio of the teeth to the mandibular canal. Material and methods. Patient L.E., F/56 years old, addressed the "Omni Dent" dental clinic with the following complaints following the endodontic treatment of d.37: pain in the sector of tooth 37, paresthesia on the left mandibular side. Following the clinical and paraclinical examination, the diagnosis of a foreign body in the mandibular canal on the left side, caused by the propulsion of the endodontic material, was established. Results. The intervention to remove the obturation material from the mandibular canal was performed, by creating access through a vestibular incision and taking off the mucoperiosteal flap, trepanation of the vestibular cortex with the creation of the access window, removal of the endodontic filling material, filling in the defect with A-PRF, suturing and control radiography. Sensibility on the path of the inferior alveolar nerve was restored after 6 months. Conclusions. Through a minimally invasive approach and management of the inferior alveolar vasculo-nervous fascicle, surgical procedures to remove the foreign body can be performed. The mandibular canal must be analyzed and managed very carefully and thoroughly during both endodontic and surgical treatments, in order to prevent further complications.