Essential hypertension, is a significant public health issue and is a main indicator of the consequences of cardiovascular disease. Aim. The purpose of this study was to determine the significance of knowledge and self-care practices among hypertensive patients. Material and Methods. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were reviewed in order to search for material. “Self-care” and “essential hypertension” were used as the keywords. From the 60 articles found, 20 were revised after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. According to the majority of the authors (11 articles) patients with hypertension do not adhere well to educational activities without monitoring their healthcare provider. Out of the 11 articles, 8 suggested that the key to achieving controlled blood pressure and avoiding complications is detailed education regarding lifestyle modification and pharmaceutical regimes. Weight loss management, physical activity, restricting alcohol/smoking/tobacco, and a low-sodium diet are the basic self-care practices recommended for maintaining normal blood pressure levels. More awareness among the patients and regular home monitoring of blood pressure is recommended for implementation. Effective communication between the physician and patient is essential for ensuring successful treatment. Conclusion. Patients with arterial hypertension show reduced adherence to disease monitoring activities, but this can be improved by better education of the patients and strict monitoring of their self-care practices and treatment by their physician.