Introduction. The heart is one of the target organs in which uncontrolled arterial hypertension (HTN) causes major damage. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the adaptation of the heart to HTN and is an important risk factor for multiple heart diseases. Material and Methods. It were studied the medical charts of 101 patients diagnosed with HTN, investigated according to the National Clinical Protocol that were admitted at the Institute of Cardiology. The following aspects were analyzed: signs of LVH, the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and diastolic heart function, using ECG and echocardiogram as investigative methods. Results. Of the examined patients, 47.5% were male and 52.5% - female; mean age was 68.4±9.8 years. The distribution of patients according to the HTN gradation was: grade 3 – 67.3%, grade 2 – 28.7%, grade 1 – 4% of cases. A very high additional cardiovascular risk was in 97% and high risk – in 3% of cases. AF in anamnesis was present in 37 patients (36.6%). A number of 28 patients (27.7%) presented with the signs of LVH on the ECG. Echocardiogram established an increased thickness of interventricular septum and posterior wall of the left ventricle in 56 patients (55.4%), the diastolic dysfunction was recorded in 43 patients (42.6%) and its severity was associated with the HTN evolutive grades. Conclusion. The study showed that there is a relationship between HTN and heart damage, which highlights the importance of early detection of changes in the heart, such as LVH, AF and diastolic dysfunction, in order to prevent irreversible consequences.