Water from twenty-five sources from seventeen villages located in the south of the Republic of Moldova was studied. Thirteen of these villages are situated in the south-west in the regions of Hâncești and Leova, and four are in the south-east, in the region of Căuşeni. All the analyzed sources are actively used by local population as drinking water sources. Water quality assessment for use as a drinking water was done according the criteria set by the national regulation – Law 182/ 19/12/2019. The research was performed in the water quality accredited laboratory (ISO 17025/2018) according to the standardized methods. Figure 1 shows the percentage of samples (%) not meeting the requirements for drinking water by at least one parameter. The values of the incompliance of each parameter with the corresponding allowable concentration vary greatly. The lowest hardness content – 0.84°Germany (min. allowable concentrations 5°Germany) was found in the v. Ciuciuleni, the highest sodium ion content- 531.5 mg/L (maximum allowable concentrations, mac 200 mg/L) and nitrite content – 2.0 mg/L (mac 0.5 mg/L) were found in Cupciu. The highest ammonia and ammonium ion content -7.11 mg/L (mac 0.5 mg/L) was found in v. Minjir. The highest contents of hydrogen sulfide and dissolved sulfides – 22.0 mg/L (mac 0.1 mg/L), fluorides 8.96 mg/L (mac 0.1 mg/L) and permanganate index 29.6 mg O2/L (mac 5 mg O2/L) were detected in Sarata Galbenei. The highest content of iron ions -1.28 mg/L with mac of 0.2 mg/l was found in v. Lapușna. The highest content of nitrates – 1522.6 mg/L with mac of 50 mg/L, total dissolved solids (TDS) – 4289.2 mg/L (mac 1500 mg/L), chlorides 406.3 mg/L (mac 150 mg/L) were detected in v. Tomai. The research has shown that none of the analyzed sources had water complying with the requirements to the Law 182/ 19/12/2019 by one or more parameters, which means that the population of the south of Moldova do not have access to quality drinking water. Thus, development and implementation of the modern water treatment is essential for this region.