The research presented in this article was carried out in order to identify the relationship between the locus of control and the adaptation of international students from the Republic of Moldova. The data were collected by applying the Questionnaire of adaptation to the student environment and academic demands, developed by Svetlana Rusnac, and the Rotter Locus of Control Scale. The results illustrated the quality and dynamics of adaptation, the adaptation difficulties faced by international students. At the same time, it was identified that students from various countries more frequently demonstrate an internalist locus of control. To verify the relationship between psychosocial adaptation and locus of control, the Pearson correlation test was used. We identified high positive associations between internal locus of control and the ability to satisfy sociocommunicative and socioeconomic needs (macrosocial level of adaptation). In the case of adaptation at the mesosocial level, the locus of internal control correlates positively with communication with relatives, friends, faculty colleagues and teachers. No associations were identified between locus of control and adaptation at the microsocial level, except for the need for professional identification, which correlates positively with internal locus of control. Thus, it was established that the beliefs about the possession of own possibilities and resources, the assumption of personal responsibilities for the quality of interpersonal communication are a condition of the psychosocial adaptation of international students.