Parasitic phyto-nematodes and virus diseases individually can cause serious losses to crop production; however, in combination, they can be very destructive in long-term crops. The responses of plants to virus infection are very diverse, ranging from symptomless infection to severe damege and even death of plants. Nematodes from the families Longidoridae, Pratylenchidae and Tylenchidae, order Doiylaimida and Tylenchida, (phylum Nematoda) are endo-ectoparasites of roots on a very wide host range among cultivated and wild plants, especially perennial plantations including most of apple and plum species. The most commonly detected nematode genera are Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus; however, numerous populations are created by the species Pratylenchus penetrans, Criconemoides xenoplax and Ditylenchus dipsaci. Forty-six species of plant parasitic nematodes were found in soil and roots of apple (27 species) and plum (25 species) crops in the fields of the Central regions of Republic of Moldova. Among plant parasitic species, ectoparasites dominated by species diversity followed by semi-endoparasites and migratory endoparasites. Most damages to the root system were caused by endoparasite nematodes, stem migratory endoparasite and ectoparasites vectors of nepo-viruses. They are spread by the use of infected planting materials and establish in the apple and plum plantations. In new plantations, the most effective control method is to assay soils for plant parasitic nematodes including nepo-virusvectors to prevent secondary infection of fruit trees. The problem of plant virus diseases and their vectors occurs in Republic Moldova now, because of intensive agricultural practices and the increasing number of new and replanted horticultural plantations.