Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an association of major risk factors involved in the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. It is actively studied to determine prognostic factors, therefore early detection of MS and its comorbidities influence on the reproductive system, especially in adolescents and young women, it constitutes considerable scientific and practical interest for effective prevention of complications and efficient treatment. Purpose: The aim of the study was focused on the dedicated literary synthesis involving assessment of the prevalence of MS in adolescents and young women, interaction between components of this nosology with hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Materials and methods: There was selected literature from 2003 to 2013 in PubMed, MEDLINE, Cohrane Library using the terms metabolic syndrome, diagnosis, prevalence in adolescents and young women, reproductive function, sex hormones, fat. Results and discussion: In recent years, metabolic syndrome (MS) has a more incremental trend of marked increase in young women, affecting teenagers at a rate of 4,0 - 10,2%. MS prevalence is higher in women (23%). Conclusions: Improving early detection markers of MS, especially in adolescents and young women, will bring an effective contribution to preventing medical obstetric-gynecologic emergency complications (recurrent miscarriages, preeclampsia, eclampsia, dysfunctional uterine bleeding) and extragenitale (cardiovascular accidents). For that represents current scientific direction with considerable practical involvement.